Consanguinity and Inbreeding Coefficient F in Aligarh city, India: A Cross Sectional Study

Objective: To determine the coefficient of inbreeding of consanguinity (F) and its correlates in Aligarh city, India. Material and Methods: Cross sectional household survey with a sample size of 2000 (1600 non-consanguineous and 400 consanguineous couples) using systematic random sampling. Researcher conducted the study by visiting every tenth household of every tenth ward of Aligarh city. Information was recorded on a pre-tested questionnaire, which had questions pertaining to religion, details regarding relationship between couples (consanguineous / non consanguineous marriage), type of consanguinity (first cousin/second cousin/third cousin), level of education and occupation (a proxy for socioeconomic status). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and multivariate logistic regression were used. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Islam (p<0.001) and Christianity (p<0.001) were significantly associated with consanguinity. Private employment with (-) B value (p<0.001) showed a significant association of the variable with non-consanguineous group. Coefficient of inbreeding for the present study was 0.0538, highest reported from any part of India. Conclusion: Consanguinity is a prevailing problem in Aligarh city, India. Evidence based guidelines needed. Information ­ education ­ communication and pre-marital counseling suggested to make population aware of the consequences of consanguinity and to help couples make a decision.

Los caballeros hospitalarios de San Juan / Sovereign military hospitaller order of Saint John

El presente trabajo fue inspirado en una investigación de la autora, con motivo de un viaje que realizó al archipiélago Maltés, que le hizo recordar la obra de los Caballeros Hospitalarios de San Juan, también conocidos como los Caballeros de Malta. Desde su origen, en Jerusalén, hasta la ubicación definitiva en las islas maltesas.

Sobre as inclinações carnais: inflexões do pensamento cristão sobre os desejos e as sensações prazerosas do baixo corporal / On carnal inclinations: from early Christianity to the present

Este ensaio consiste numa revisão sobre os significados da "carne" no Ocidente, enfocando seu trato no âmbito do cristianismo. Nossa expectativa é a de que um trabalho desta ordem possa auxiliar a iluminar as compreensões atuais sobre as questões referentes à sexualidade dentro e fora dos contextos religiosos do Brasil contemporâneo. Questões, lembramos, de especial interesse para os preocupados com velhas e novas problemáticas localizadas no campo do que se tem denominado direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, com repercussões no campo da Saúde Pública.

This study develops a historical review of the meanings of the "flesh" in the West, focusing on its significance in the context of Christianity. Our hope is that a study along these lines can help to illuminate current understandings of questions related to sexuality both within and outside of the religious contexts found in contemporary Brazil. Such questions are of special interest for those who are concerned with both old and new problems found in the field that has come to be known as sexual and reproductive rights, with implications for the field of Public Health.

Historia da cidadania / historiated citizenship

Exercer a cidadania plena é ter direitos civis, políticos e sociais. Este livro trata do processo histórico que levou a sociedade ocidental a conquistar esses direitos, assim como dos passos que faltam para integrar os que ainda não são cidadãos plenos. A obra, só com textos inéditos, escritos por alguns dos principais intelectuais brasileiros, começa com a pré-história da cidadania, analisa as bases da cidadania moderna, descreve sua expansão e, em seguida, traz a questão para o Brasil. HISTÓRIA DA CIDADANIA é obra de referência.

A Via Sacra da Hanseníase de Veganin / La Via Sacra de la Lepra de Vaganin / Veganin's Leprosy Via Sacra

Foi realizada pesquisa histórica com análise documental e história oral objetivando descrever a biografia e analisar a pintura de Veganin. Luiz Carlos de Souza nasceu em 1950 em Aimorés (MG) e aos 16 anos foi trabalhar na enfermagem na Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Belo Horizonte. Com 20 anos foi internado na Colônia Santa Isabel (MG) e passou a ser conhecido como " Veganin" . Na Colônia trabalhou na enfermagem, marcenaria e pintura. Pintou no estilo da Pop Art os quadros da Via Sacra onde mostra a Paixão de Cristo com originalidade e crítica social. Nos quadros apresenta sua resiliência frente à hanseníase e ao tratamento. Faleceu na Colônia Santa Fé (MG) em 1997.

Historical research was carried out with documentary analysis and oral history aiming at describing the biography and reviewing the painting of Veganin. Luiz Carlos de Souza was born in 1950 in Aimorés (MG) and at age of 16 years he was working in nursing at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia in Belo Horizonte. With 20 years he was hospitalized in Colônia Santa Isabel and is now known as " Veganin" . In Colônia worked in nursing, carpentry and painting. He painted in the style of Pop Art the tables's Via Sacra where shows the Passion of Christ with originality and social criticism. In his paintings he presents his resilience front of the disease and treatment. Died in Colônia Santa Fé (MG) in 1997.

La investigación histórica se llevó a cabo con análisis documental y la historia oral con el objetivo de describir la biografía y la revisión de la pintura de Veganin. Luiz Carlos de Souza nació en 1950 en Aimorés (MG) y a la edad de 16 años estaba trabajando en enfermería en la Santa Casa de Misericordia de Belo Horizonte. Con 20 años fue hospitalizado en Colônia Santa Isabel y que ahora se conoce como " Veganin" . En Colônia trabajado en enfermería, carpintería y pintura. Pintó en el estilo Pop Art de los cuadros del Vía Sacra, donde se muestra la Pasión de Cristo con la originalidad y la crítica social.Los cuadros muestran su resistencia en relación la enfermedad y el tratamiento. Muerto en Colônia Santa Fé (MG) en 1997.

Life and Activities of Chu Hyun Chik / 의사학

Chu Hyun Chik was one of those who graduated first from Jejungwon Medical School in 1908, and had carried on an independence movement as well as religious, educational, and social movement both as a doctor and a Christian. He opened the Inje Hospital in Sunchon, North Pyeongan Province in 1909, and was put in prison on charges of being involved in Incident of '105 People' as he joined in Sinminhoe in which christians(Christians) from Gwanseo showed their initiative. With 3.1 Movement as a momentum, he started to raise funds for an independence movement mainly in North Pyongan Province, as a councilor of the Ministry of Finance of Shanghai Provisional Government of Korea. After he moved into Andong, Manchuria, he continued to support the spread of an independence movement by connecting Shanghai Provisional Government of Korea with the country. In October, 1919, he came to Sanghai as an exile and lead diverse activities as a member of Shin Han young man party and one of the leading men of Korean Christendom, especially related to An Chang Ho and christians around him and joining in Hungsadan. In 1925 when he returned home, he opened the Dongje Hospital and devoted himself to the developments of religious, educational, and social movement as a president of YMCA, Sunchon and an executive of a branch of Suyang Donguhoe in Sunch'?n. By Incident of Suyang Donguhoe he was put in prison, resisting Japanese Imperialism and died in 1942.

Intolerância religiosa e direitos humanos: mapeamentos de intolerância / Religious intolerance and human rights: mapping of intolerance

Este livro procura fazer uma análise dos motivos e das ações de intolerância fundamentados no discurso religioso, contrapondo com os documentos relacionados aos Direitos Humanos. A busca pelo sagrado é inerente ao ser humano. Nesta busca, a divindade pode ser compreendida e interpretada das mais diferentes formas. Na multiplicidade de expressões religiosas, sejam estas mais ou menos introspectivas, cada grupo afirma a sua verdade acerca do conhecimento divino. Nas três grandes religiões proféticas (judaísmo, cristianismo e islamismo) há uma divindade comum, representada por nomes diferentes. Apesar da gênese comum, a afirmação da universalidade e da verdade revelada de cada uma destas religiões sempre como o princípio, meio e fim de salvação provocam sentimentos de intolerância entre estas e contra outros grupos que expressam sua espiritualidade de forma diferente. A moral proclamada por estas religiões também determina uma visão de mundo, geralmente preconceituosa e pragmática que pode conduzir a um sentimento de intolerância que atinge a mulher, os grupos homossexuais, os adeptos de religiões de origem africana, etc. O histórico de colonização do Brasil também nos mostra um retrato de intolerância e de dominação, com justificativa religiosa cujas opções são ou a conversão ou a morte. O texto traz um mapeamento de intolerância a partir de reflexões sobre o tema, reportagens e a partir de um histórico dos conflitos religiosos no Brasil.

The fate of the old Jejoong Won following the establishment of the new Jejoong Won (Severance Hospital) / 의사학

Dr. Allen, the first Protestant missionary in Korea, had an opportunity of saving the life of the queen's nephew shortly after his arrival in Korea in 1884. In gratitude the King established the Royal Korean Hospital (Jejoong Won), the first hospital in Korea, and appointed Dr. Allen in charge of the medical affairs of the hospital. After Dr. Allen's resignation from the mission, the work was successively carried on by Drs. JW Heron, RA Hardie, CC Vinton and OR Avison, the last of whom arrived in 1893. In 1894 the connection of the Hospital with the Korean Government was severed and the work taken over by the Northern Presbyterian Mission. Since then, it has been a distinctly mission institute. In 1900, while attending the Ecumenical Conference of Foreign Missions in Carnegie Hall, New York, Dr. Avison made the acquaintance of a philanthropist LH Severance, who made a gift of $10,000 for a new hospital. This building, the first modern hospital in Korea, was opened and dedicated in 1904. It was named the Severance Hospital. As the new hospital was built, the old hospital building was to be returned to the Korean Government according to the agreement made in 1894. On retaking the old hospital, the Korean Government paid $30,289.99 won for the renovation of the original building and new buildings established in the site during the period of Avison's entire charge of Jejoong Won. The old hospital building was used as an official residence for a diplomatic adviser Stevens, who was assassinated for his pro-Japan activities, and as a social club for Japanese officials.

Analysis of Services of Medical Missionaries During the Late Yi-Dynasty and the Era of the Japanese Occupation in Korea / 의사학

Authors investigated the services of medical missionaries during the late Yi-Dynasty and the era of the Japanese Occupation in Korea. The information and materials were got from the following primary sources: The Searching Report of the European and American Residents in Korea (1907-1942); The Korean Mission Field, Vol 1 (1905.11) - Vol 37 (1941.11); Christian Newspapers, No 1 (1915.2) - No 1128 (1937.7). Through this study we found that 280 medical missionaries came to Korea to do the medical services during the period from 1884 to 1941. Among them 133 were medical doctors, 5 dentists, 6 pharmacists and 136 nurses. And it was found that 71 medical missionaries (25%) belonged to US Northern Presbyterian Church, 50 (18%) to US Northern Methodist Church, 38 (14%) to US Southern Presbyterian Church, each 32 (11%) to US Southern Methodist Church and Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (Anglican Church), 20 (7%) to Canadian Presbyterian Church, each 12 (4%) to Australian Presbyterian Church and Catholic Church, 9 (3%) to Seventh Day Adventist Church, and 31 Western medical personnels without connection to any missionary society. So we confirmed that most of the missionary medical services during this period were performed by the American missionary societies, which was compatible with the acceptible idea. The average duration of services by the medical missionaries was 13.0 years, which was about 5 years longer than that of the non-missionary Western doctors and nurses in the same period. The medical missionaries were more in number during the era of the Japanese Occupation than during the late Yi-Dynasty, however, their socio-cultural significance seemed to be higher in the late Yi-Dynasty. And authors found that the nearly all of the medical services by the missionaries were carried out in the regions belonging to the respective missionary society.

Christian Ideals in the History of Medical Care / 의사학

Probably because the Renaissance period tended to be overglorified, people have even come to equate the "Middle Ages" with the "Dark Ages". But some writings have recently expressed positive views on the "Middle Ages" in history. The Christian teachings from the Middle Ages concerning the sick and the poor have undoubtedly contributed to forming the ideals of modern medical care. Today's medical facilities run especially by churches are expected to continue their services based on a biopsychosociomedical model rather than on a biomedical mode.

Christian Perspectives for Medical Education: General Concepts of Health and Education

No abstract available.